There is a noticeable difference in functionality between player and AI teleporter guns, they are as follows:
Player Teleporter Gun
Better thought of as a ban gun.
Allows players to exile another member of the settlement. 3 players are required to fire at the player that should be banned. The banned player is then transported to the opposite side of the world.
AI Teleporter Gun
Also AI's very often carry them for sending you to a jail. They can be recognized by slow moving, yellow clouds (see video).
Players Can Acquire?:
Yes Plop Cost:
20 power is required to use this.